Effects of Creatine Monohydrate Supplementations with or without D-pitinol on Resistance Training Applicaitons

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The Effects of Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation With and Without D-pinitol on Resistance Training Adaptations

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The Effects of Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation With and Without D-pinitol on Resistance Training Adaptations

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Access the profile card for user: Brian Warren Brian Warren

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October 27, 2013 4:50 PM

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Brian Warren

KINE 5306

October 27, 2013

Research Review #3

The Effects of Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation With and Without D-pinitol on Resistance Training Adaptations.

Source

Kerksick, C., Wilborn, C., Campbell, W., Harvey, T., Marcello, B., Roberts, M., Parker, A., Byars, A., Greenwood, L., Almada, A., Kreider, R., Greenwood, M. (2009). The effects of creatine monohydrate supplementation with and without D-pinitol on resistance training adaptations. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 23(9), 2673-26682.

Purpose of Study

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of creatine monohydrate supplementation with and without the addition of D-pinitol on changes in exercise performance, body composition, and clinical safety following 4 weeks of resistance training.

Methods and Materials

The study was a double-blind trial with all subjects being matched into clusters according to age and fat-free mass prior to beginning the resistance program. This study had 24 male participants in which 12 ingested the creatine by itself (CR), and 12 injested a combination of creatine and d-pinitol (CRP). The anthropometrics of the creatine only group are as follows; Age (years), 22.2 ± 2.9, height (cm), 177 ± 7.2, weight (kg), 82.3 ± 15.8, and training frequency (d/wk^-1), 4 ± 1. The anthropometrics for the creatine and d-pinitol group are as follows; Age, 21.8 ± 3.2, height, 180 ± 5.3, weight, 75.6 ± 8.0 and training frequency, 4 ± 1. All subjects were tested a 0 (T0), 1 (T1), and 4 (T4), weeks to determine the changes in criterion variables. Changes in body mass, fat-free mass and percent body fat were measured to investigate the impact of supplementation and resistance training on body composition adaptations 1RM, endurance, and peak force production using isokinetics, and anaerobic capacity (Wingate) were determined to investigate the ergogenic potential of supplementation.

Subjects were assigned to supplement their normal diet for 4 weeks with 1 of the 2 supplement groups including 4.5 g/d^-1 of creatine + 0.5 g/d^-1 corn starch (CR) or 4.5 g/d^-1 of creatine + 0.5g/d^-1 of D-pinitol (CRP). During the 5 day loading phase, the subjects ingested 4 servings a day beginning at 8 am and continuing every 4 hours until 8 pm. For the other 3 weeks, the single serving was taken at 8 am. The training program consisted of 4 workouts per week split into 2 upper-body and 2 lower-body workouts each week which consisted mainly of compound movements. All exercises were performed until failure was reached.

Summary of Results/Conclusion

Both groups showed increases in strength and improvements in body composition, however, the addition of D-pinitol did not provide any further benefit and may have actually negated changes in body composition.  The ingestion of CR did promote increases in lean mass in comparison to CRP. Significant but equal increases in all groups in relative body strength and body composition parameters demonstrated positive adaptations to the resistance training regimen and creatine supplementation.

Critique of the Study

A primary weakness to this study was the 4-week duration of the training regimen. It is commonly understood that it takes at least 6 weeks of consistent training to yield any physiological adaptations. This is one of the hundreds of studies that prove creatine’s effectiveness, even in a shortened training cycle.

Practical Application(s) of the Study

Improving power production and explosive potential is a primary attribute for most sports. Creatine is a very popular supplement that is used my athletes and coaches to improve these attributes. Ingestion of creatine along with large amounts of sugar increases the overall caloric intake and may produce a negative effect regarding body composition, lean muscle mass, etc. Supplementing creatine with D-pinitol is not the quick fix for those looking to increase said changes in body composition.

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